辫状河相砾质砂岩储层微观特征及对产能的影响——以锦州油田为例

辫状河相砾质砂岩储层疏松、含砾、孔渗关系差、微观特征与产能关系复杂。以渤海辽东湾海域锦州油田为例,利用岩心分析化验资料、测井和DST测试资料,建立岩性定量判别标准,对砾质砂岩储层进行岩性定量识别,将其细分为常规砂岩、含砾砂岩和砂砾岩。对不同岩性储层的粒度、孔喉、泥质含量及黏土矿物等特征进行分类研究,针对各类型储层不同微观特征对产能大小的影响进行了分析,找到了粒度分选、孔喉结构以及泥质黏土矿物差异与产能大小之间的关系。     

Experimental and numerical investigation of the dynamic response of a ZrB2-SiC ceramic under uniaxial compression

The dynamic experimental tests were performed on cylindrical zirconium diboride-silicon carbide ceramic specimens under the uniaxial compression from 519 to 2861 s⁻¹. The effect of the strain rate on the dynamic response of a ZrB₂-SiC ceramic was investigated using experimental and numerical methods. A significant increase on the dynamic compressive strength, elastic modulus, and the dynamic tensile strength was found with the increase of the strain rate. The damage process and fracture pattern of the ZrB₂-SiC ceramic exhibited a significant strain-rate dependence under the dynamic compression. The strain rate-dependent elastic modulus and tensile strength were introduced into Johnson–Holmquist (JH-2) model to predict the dynamic compression behavior of the ZrB₂-SiC ceramic. The simulation results of the dynamic compressive strength, stress–strain relation, and fracture patterns were in good accordance with the dynamic experimental results.     

寄生到共生——依附于工业巨构的新城市景观演化

【目的】上海黄浦江两岸的工业遗存是社会发展的重要里程碑,对城市发展和文脉延续发挥着举足轻重的作用。【方法】将生物学概念拓展至建筑学范畴,在当代社会语境下以“寄生”“演化”和“共生”的概念阐释“旧”工业遗存与“新”建筑之间的关系,从创作理念、设计手法、建构表达 3 个层面解读民生码头水岸贯通项目。【结果】探讨了民生码头水岸贯通项目在城市更新层面对于公共空间营造和公众文化价值塑造的重要意义。通过类比 SteelStacks 艺术文化园区、首尔路 7017、杨树浦水厂栈桥和高线公园 4 个代表性的线性空间改造案例,揭示城市景观在新一轮城市更新背景下所发挥的“新陈代谢”作用。【结论】进一步说明了工业建筑与后工业景观相互结合的创新性和独特性：跨领域的融合设计不仅促进了学科内核的进步,更拓展了类型学边界。     

福州东西向深街谷内树致行人夏季 热环境差异

夏季东西走向的街道因长时间暴露于日照形成最不舒适的行人环境,树木可提供树荫降低气温但也阻碍了局地通风,然而,植树对行人热环境的综合影响尚不清楚。针对城市高密度街区（LCZ 2类型）中东西走向的街道,开展行道树绿化差异对行人热环境综合影响的定量计算与分析。结果表明：1）树木对行人热环境的影响是非线性的,且在夏季白天不同时段呈不同规律,街道树木覆盖率与树致平均行人气温差异值之间存在如下关系：上下午非线性关系强烈,中午则接近线性关系;2）当树木覆盖率小于50%时,树致行人气温降低的梯度大,每增加10%树木覆盖率,行人高度平均气温最高约降低0.26℃;树木覆盖率超过50%以后,植树带来的热效益改善值减小,而且影响的时间窗口趋于中午附近（11:00—14:30）;3）东西向街道内的各种植树方案都对行人热环境产生正面影响,当树冠相互接触形成连续树荫时,树致改善效应接近饱和,继续提高种植密度反而会产生负面影响。考虑城市用地紧张,建议东西走向的街道,采用可形成连续树荫的50%左右覆盖率的行道树绿化,以获得舒适的行人小气候。     

中厚板轧机平面形状控制模型的优化与应用

通过研究平面形状控制技术,建立了宽展模型、头尾形状计算模型,同时采用理论推导和统计分析相结合的方法确定了平面形状控制模型参数,得到了中厚板轧机平面形状控制模型。对模型进行了现场校验、优化,在现场成功实现了平面形状控制功能,显著提高了成材率。     

火箭摄像装置视场有效性仿真分析方法

为满足运载火箭测量系统对火箭各部段分离进行可视化拍摄的需求,提出一种运载火箭摄像装置视场有 效性仿真分析方法。以某型运载火箭发射任务为背景,针对不同的发射窗口,对火箭飞行全过程中摄像装置视场出 现太阳的时段进行统计,并对摄像装置的拍摄任务开展摄像装置视场有效性分析。结果表明：该方法可以为发射窗 口的制定提供依据,在不影响发射任务的前提下最大程度地保障摄像装置的视场有效性,具有较强的工程应用价值。     

城市轨道交通规划与城市规划的互动关系

目前,我国城市轨道交通规划尚未完全融入城市规划中,它们之间存在着不协调关系,阻碍了城市轨道交通规划理论和实践的发展。我们有必要对城市轨道交通规划和城市规划的互动关系进行研究,引导城市交通与城市形态的协调发展。     

Visualization of the Centre of Projection Geometrical Locus in a Single Image

Single view reconstruction (SVR) is an important approach for 3D shape recovery since many non‐existing buildings and scenes are captured in a single image. Historical photographs are often the most precise source for virtual reconstruction of a damaged cultural heritage. In semi‐automated techniques, that are mainly used under practical situations, the user is the one who recognizes and selects constraints to be used. Hence, the veridicality and the accuracy of the final model partially rely on man‐based decisions. We noticed that users, especially non‐expert users such as cultural heritage professionals, usually do not fully understand the SVR process, which is why they have trouble in decision making while modelling. That often fundamentally affects the quality of the final 3D models. Considering the importance of human performance in SVR approaches, in this paper we offer a solution that can be used to reduce the amount of user errors. Specifically, we address the problem of locating the centre of projection (CP). We introduce a tool set for 3D visualization of the CP's geometrical loci that provides the user with a clear idea of how the CP's location is determined. Thanks to this type of visualization, the user becomes aware of the following: (1) the constraint relevant for CP location, (2) the image suitable for SVR, (3) more constraints for CP location required, (4) which constraints should be used for the best match, (5) will additional constraints create a useful redundancy. In order to test our approach and the assumptions it relies on, we compared the amount of user made errors in the standard approaches with the one in which additional visualization is provided.     

基于多视图立体视觉的沙堆三维尺寸测量研究

利用从运动中恢复结构方法(SFM),提出了一种基于多视图立体视觉的沙堆三维重建及三维尺寸测量方法。首先根据SFM方法的求解不稳定特点,结合光束平差法对SFM求解过程进行分析及优化;其次针对SFM重建结果为稀疏点云的问题,利用基于面片的稠密重建算法重新生成稠密的三维点云,再利用泊松算法对密集点云进行三维曲面重建;最后获得模型的三维尺寸信息。对某建筑工地的沙堆进行了三维尺寸的测量实验,实验结果验证了该方法的有效及可行性,提高了重建能力及精度,同时考虑了目标实际测量误差与重建误差,能够满足实际智能测量的应用需求。     

Experimental investigation of phase relationship in Ti–Fe-Hf ternary system

Based on diffusion triple and equilibrated alloy methods, phase relations in the Ti–Fe-Hf ternary system were investigated using the experimental data obtained through the combination of optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) techniques. Isothermal sections of the Ti–Fe-Hf system at both 1073 K and 1273 K were well constructed. There are three and four three-phase regions in these two sections, respectively. According to the present results, Hf can dissolve into FeTi at approximately 3.0% at both 1073 K and 1273 K. A continuous solid solution of Fe₂(Ti, Hf) forms between the binary intermediate compounds Fe₂Ti and Fe₂Hf (h). Fe₂Hf(c) and FeHf₂ show large solid solubilities. The solubility of Ti in Fe₂Hf(c) changes from 33.9% at 1073 K to 39.0% at 1273 K, while that of FeHf₂ can reach up to approximately 63.0% at 1273 K. No ternary compound exists in the Ti–Fe-Hf ternary system.